Jul 28, · In this article, required information was collected through literature review and keyword (cancer, breast cancer, cell, gene, life quality, women, prevalence, productivity, age, obesity, alcohol, cigarette, menopause, genetic, Cytokine, and mortality) query in credible scientific websites such as SID, Google Scholar, and comprehensive portal of Cited by: 27 Oct 01, · Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, the number one cause of cancer mortality, and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality for women worldwide [1], [2]. This represents a major change in morbidity and mortality specific to women; only 50 years ago, cervical cancer and morbidity associated with childbearing were the leading healthcare problems of women [3].Cited by: 72 A review of breast cancer awareness among women in India: Cancer literate or awareness deficit? Outcome evaluation identifies the effects of the programme in target populations by reviewing effectiveness of programme (Centre of Disease Control and Prevention, ).The researcher used outcome evaluation to determine awareness levels of risk factors for breast cancer among women
Nutrition and Breast Cancer: A Literature Review on Prevention, Treatment and Recurrence
Try out PMC Labs and tell us what you think. Learn More. Occupational factors can lead to breast cancer, though the relationship between these variables is not well established, breast cancer literature review. The objective of this study was to search the relevant literature for information on the association between breast cancer and exposure to occupational risk factors.
For that purpose, electronic databases were searched using the following keywords: breast cancer and occupational exposures. A total of 40 articles published in the year period from to were included in this review.
Workers exposed to metals such as cadmium, chemical products, radiation breast cancer literature review night work were more susceptible to breast cancer. The findings showed significant evidence to support an association between breast cancer and some chemical products, ionizing radiation and night work. However, most studies have difficulty establishing a causal relationship between these variables, pointing to the need for further investigation of these issues.
The etiology of breast cancer is not fully understood, and many possible causal factors are ambiguous breast cancer literature review poorly defined.
There has been a significant increase in global cancer rates, especially in countries with rapidly developing human, economic and industrial activities. The association between breast cancer and occupational factors is a long-studied issue in the literature. In the early 18th century, Bernardino Ramazzini found that the prevalence of breast cancer was higher among nuns than in the general population.
Ramazzini attributed this association to the celibate lifestyle of the nuns. In recent years, technological developments have allowed for a more thorough study of the association between breast cancer and occupational factors. In the context of breast cancer, some studies have assessed occupational exposures that may increase the risk of this condition in specific occupations.
Sources of exposure include ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, melatonin suppression in night workers, pesticides, solvents, aromatic hydrocarbons, some metals and other chemical substances. Despite the long history of research on breast cancer and the fact that some substances are proven carcinogens, the International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC has stated that there is still a need for further evidence of the association between occupational risk factors and breast cancer in humans.
Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct an integrative literature review on the association between breast cancer and occupational exposures. An integrative literature review method was used. The study was conducted in the following stages: research question, breast cancer literature review, literature search, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of results, discussion and presentation of the findings.
This review was guided by the following questions: is breast cancer related to occupational risk factors? And if so, which breast cancer literature review risk factors contribute to the development of cancer?
The search was limited to articles published between and All original studies published in English, Portuguese or Spanish were eligible for this review.
Incomplete articles, abstracts, theses, dissertations and studies of non-occupational risk factors associated with breast cancer were excluded from consideration, breast cancer literature review.
After the literature search, the articles were read in order to identify the risk factors analyzed and the strength of their association with breast cancer. The information on the risk factors, authors, breast cancer literature review, publication year, type of study, conclusions regarding significant or non-significant association and population were extracted from each study and compiled into tables.
These findings were then discussed based on previous literature on the risk factors associated with breast cancer. The literature search retrieved articles 11 from SciELO, 7 from LILACS and from PubMed. After limiting the search to the aforementioned year period, articles were left. This was followed by abstract screening, application of selection criteria, and removal of duplicates, which resulted in the inclusion of 40 articles in the review.
Four occupational risk factors were identified in the studies: metals, chemical agents, radiation and circadian rhythm disruption. The two articles that discussed an association between breast cancer and occupational exposure breast cancer literature review metals identified cadmium as a possible carcinogen 3241 Table 1.
One case-control study reported a significant association between cadmium and breast cancer, but noted that the influence of non-occupational risk factors was greater than that of occupational risk factors in the population studied.
Fourteen articles emphasized the association between breast cancer and exposure to chemical agents. These included agricultural pesticides, solvents, alkylphenols, motor fluid, petroleum, solder, ethylene oxide and aromatic hydrocarbons. The studies found that breast cancer was positively associated with exposure to pesticides, as well as most solvents and hydrocarbons Table 2. Nine studies discussed the role of radiation as a risk factor for the development of breast cancer Table 3.
The studies focused on two types of carcinogenic radiation: ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Four articles emphasized the vulnerability of radiology technicians to the development of breast cancer. Two studies also discussed the risk of breast cancer in men exposed to radiation. Twelve articles discussed circadian rhythm disruption and its association with breast cancer Table 4.
According to some of these studies, workers with rotating shifts, such as nurses, were likely to have an increased risk of developing breast cancer, breast cancer literature review. Eight of the 12 articles demonstrated a positive association between alterations in the circadian rhythm and the development of breast cancer.
Two articles focused specifically on one occupation: flight attendants Table 5. These individuals are exposed to two different risk factors: circadian disruption due to jet lag and breast cancer literature review exposure to cosmic radiation. Breast cancer is characterized by the presence of endocrine-responsive tumors with varying histopathological features, breast cancer literature review, which can be influenced by environmental factors.
The association between breast cancer and occupational risk factors has drawn increasing attention from the scientific community. Recent advances in research methods have allowed for a more thorough analysis of specific exposures and their association with breast cancer. Metals, radiation, chemical substances and circadian disruption have all been identified as relevant risk factors in previous research. Some metals are toxic to humans. The carcinogenic effects of metals such as beryllium, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, nickel, lead and chromium have been demonstrated in previous research.
The association between chemical products and the etiology of breast cancer is a long-studied topic in the literature. Over chemical products are known to have potentially carcinogenic effects on the mammary gland.
These chemicals interact directly or indirectly with the endocrine system, mimicking or interfering with breast cancer literature review processes. Chemical compounds that disrupt the endocrine system may affect breast growth, increase susceptibility to cancer or induce tumor growth by interfering with estrogen or progesterone regulation. In this review, some of the substances identified as playing a potentially carcinogenic role in breast cancer were pesticides, solvents, petroleum products, hydrocarbons and ethylene oxide.
Pesticides belong to a large group of chemical products that have prompted widespread concern and discussion in public health settings. Solvents are volatile organic breast cancer literature review that can dissolve a wide variety of materials and are frequently used in occupational settings. Alkylphenolic compounds are organic chemicals created during the production of alkylphenol ethoxylates APEsbreast cancer literature review, used especially as non-ionic surfactants, but with a wide range of other applications.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a large group of chemical compounds formed in the combustion of organic matter and are common environmental pollutants. Direct exhaust gases and petroleum-derived products are complex mixtures of paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic products refined from mineral oil.
Diesel exhaust was classified by the IARC as carcinogenic to humans based on evidence of its association with an increased risk of lung cancer. Ethylene oxide is a highly reactive chemical, used primarily as an intermediate in the synthesis of several industrial chemicals. The National Toxicology Program has classified ethylene oxide as a carcinogen based on epidemiological data. Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation are natural phenomena. Both are considered carcinogenic, but the evidence of the association between breast cancer and ionizing radiation is far more extensive.
Ionizing radiation has been more thoroughly studied, and findings support its association with the risk for several types of malignancy, breast cancer literature review, including breast cancer. Examples of this type of radiation are gamma and X-rays, both of which are associated with malignancies such as breast cancer. Non-ionizing radiation includes electromagnetic frequencies and microwaves, whose emission sources include household appliances.
According to one of the studies reviewed, individuals exposed for at least 30 years had a nearly three-fold increase in the risk of breast cancer relative to individuals with a shorter duration of exposure. Most epidemiological studies suggest a positive association between breast cancer and circadian disruption. Night work was classified as a Group 2A carcinogen by the IARC in These professionals often travel across time zones and experience the effects of jet lag.
Long flights at high latitudes - that is, closer to the poles - are associated with a higher risk of exposure to cosmic rays. Occupational exposure to chemicals, ionizing radiation and circadian disruption have proved to have the greatest association with breast cancer. Nevertheless, many studies have pointed to the difficulty in establishing a causal link between these factors due to the number of variables involved, such as the duration and intensity of exposure to risk factors.
There is a need for more studies centered on the relationship between breast cancer and occupational exposures.
Such studies can provide breast cancer literature review basis for the development of effective protection measures for these workers.
Conflicts of interest: None. National Center for Biotechnology InformationU. National Library of Medicine Rockville PikeBethesda MDUSA. NCBI Skip to main content Skip to navigation Resources How To About NCBI Accesskeys My NCBI Sign in to NCBI Sign Out.
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Journal List Rev Bras Med Trab v. Rev Bras Med Trab. Published online Mar 3. doi: PMCID: PMC Arthur Brito-Marcelino1 Rodrigo Japur Duarte-Tavaresbreast cancer literature review, 2 Katienne Brito Marcelino3 and Julio Alves Silva-Neto 4. Arthur Brito-Marcelino 1 Fonoaudiologia, Hospital de Urgência de Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil Find articles by Arthur Brito-Marcelino.
Rodrigo Japur Duarte-Tavares 2 Fundação Oswaldo Cruz FiocruzRio de janeiro, RJ, Brazil Find articles by Rodrigo Japur Duarte-Tavares. Katienne Brito Marcelino breast cancer literature review Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil Find articles by Katienne Brito Marcelino.
Julio Alves Silva-Neto 4 Departamento de Medicina, Universidade de Gurupi, Gurupi, TO, Brazil Find articles by Julio Alves Silva-Neto. Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer. liamg lecambruhtra. Received May 24; Accepted Jun
AI improves breast cancer detection on mammograms in early research
, time: 2:13Inflammatory Breast Cancer: A Literature Review
Oct 01, · Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, the number one cause of cancer mortality, and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality for women worldwide [1], [2]. This represents a major change in morbidity and mortality specific to women; only 50 years ago, cervical cancer and morbidity associated with childbearing were the leading healthcare problems of women [3].Cited by: 72 Inflammatory Breast Cancer: A Literature Review. The multidisciplinary management of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), which is the most aggressive form of breast cancer due to its rapid proliferation, has changed over the past three decades thanks to advances in medical treatments that represent the basis of treatment, without eliminating the use .Cited by: 7 Oct 01, · We conducted a qualitative review of the literature on breast cancer health outcomes across all phases of breast cancer care, including primary prevention, early detection, diagnosis, local treatment, adjuvant treatment, treatment of metastatic disease, survivorship, and the dying blogger.com by: 60
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